| Type | Indigenous |
|---|---|
| Family | Combretaceae |
| Synonym | Terminalia alata Heyne ex Roth |
| Synonym_2 | Terminalia crenulata Roth |
| Synonym_3 | Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.ex DC.) Wight & Arn. |
| Synonym_4 | Terminalia tomentosa var.crenulata (Roth) Clarke |
| Local Name | Thembavu |
| Local Name 2 | Karimaruthu |
| Local Name 3 | Matthi |
| Local Name 4 | Kuramaruthu |
| Habit | Large sized tree |
| Tree Seed | Fruit type: Drupe. Seed weight: 441-551 fruits/kg (Sen Gupta, 1937); 1370 fruits/kg (Chacko et al.,2002). Vernacular name: Karimaruthu, Thembavu (Malayalam), Karimaruthu, Karumarudu (Tamil), Asan (Hindi), Banappu sajad, Karimatti (Kannada) (Chacko et al., 2002). Flowering season: July to August Fruiting season: March to April (Sen Gupta, 1937; Chacko et al., 2002). Germination type: Epigeal (FRI, 1984; Chacko et al., 2002). Germination percentage: Up to 72 (Sen Gupta, 1937; Chacko et al., 2002). Seed scarification and complete removal of seed coat give 37 and 97% germination respectively (Negi and Todaria, 1995). Method of propagation: By seeds. |
| Botanical Features | Deciduous trees, bark surface grey-black, very rough, deeply vertically fissured, horizontally cracked, forming tessellated, thick flakes; blaze red. Leaves simple, opposite to subopposite, exstipulate; petiole 10-20 mm long, stout, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 13-20 x 5-13 cm, oblong, oblong-ovate, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-ovate; base oblique; apex acute, round, or obtuse, margin entire or crenulate, glabrous, coriaceous, midrib with 2 stalked glands near the base beneath; lateral nerves 10-20 pairs, flowers bisexual, dull yellow, fruit a drupe 3.5 x 5.5 cm, longitudinally 5-winged, glabrous; wings equal, thin, pubescent, lines on the wings horizontal, apex round, coriaceous, reddish-brown; seed one. |
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