| Type | Indigenous |
|---|---|
| Family | Mimosoidae |
| Synonym | Mimosa amara Roxb. |
| Local Name | Nenmenivaka |
| Local Name 2 | Oonjal |
| Habit | Medium sized tree |
| Tree Seed | Fruit type: Pod. Seed weight: 14,000 to 27,000 seeds/kg (FRI, 1983; Chacko et al., 2002). Vernacular name: Oonjal, Nenmenivaka (Chacko et al., 2002 and Sasidharan, 2004); Varacchi (Malayalam); Wonja Shekaram, Suranji, Thuringa, Turina, Usil (Tamil); Tugal, Tugli, Sujalli, Sujjalu (Kannada) (Chacko et al., 2002). Flowering season: April to August. Fruiting season: February to April (Sen Gupta, 1937; Chacko et al., 2002). Germination type: Epigeal (Chacko et al., 2002). Germination percentage: 83 (FRI, 1983; Chacko et al., 2002). Method of propagation: Vegetative propagation. Cuttings are treated with IBA 200 ppm and 400 ppm concentrations give good rooting and sprouting (Handa et al., 2003). |
| Botanical Features | Much branched trees; bark thin, surface grey, rough, scaly; blaze yellowish, branchlets brown, pubescent. Leaves bipinnate, alternate, stipulate; stipules minute, free, lateral, lanceolate, cauducous; rachis 3-15 cm, slender, pulvinate, with a gland near the base on the upper side, yellow tomentose; pinnae 3-16 pairs, opposite, even pinnate, 2.5-7 cm, slender, rachis with a bristle at the terminal end, with a gland in between terminal pairs on the upper side or between all pairs; leaflets 20-60, opposite, even pinnate, estipellate, lamina 3-8 x.1-2 mm, sessile, linear, base oblique, apex subacute or obtuse, margin entire, ciliate or glabrous; surface appressed-pubescent or glabrescent, chartaceous; midrib more or less central, rarely towards the distal margin, lateral nerves obscure. Flowers bisexual, white, heads solitary or 2-3 in axillary fascicles, fruit a pod 10-24 x 2.5-4 cm, flat, greyish-brown, veiny, straight or wavy along margin, base and apex rotund, horned, indehiscent; seeds 6-13, compressed, ovate-orbicular. |
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