| Type | Indigenous |
|---|---|
| Family | Dipterocarpaceae |
| Synonym | Vateria malabarica DC. |
| Local Name | Vellappayin |
| Local Name 2 | Kunthirikkappayin |
| Habit | Large sized tree |
| Tree Seed | Fruit type: Capsule. Seed weight: 57/kg (17.54 kg is 1000 seed weight) (FRI,1980; Luna,1996; Chacko et al.,2002). Vernacular name: Vellappayin, Kunthrikkappayin, Payani, paini mara, perum piney (Malayalam) (Gamble, 1922), Dhup maram, Kondricam, Vellei kuntrikam (Tamil) (Bose et al., 1998), Safed damar, Dhupa (Hindi), Paini, Bilidupa (Kannada) (Chacko et al., 2002). Flowering season: January to April in summer months (Bourdillon, 1908; Troup, 1921; Bose et al., 1998). Fruiting season: May - July (Troup, 1921; Sen Gupta, 1937; Chacko et al.,2002). Germination type: Hypogeal (Chacko et al., 2002). Germination percentage: Up to 98 (FRI, 1980; Luna,1996; Chacko et al.,2002). Method of propagation: By seeds. |
| Botanical Features | Evergreen trees, bark greyish, blotched with white and green, smooth; exudation, sticky, resinous; branchlets puberulus. Leaves simple, alternate; stipule narrow, lateral, deciduous; petiole 25-40 mm, stout, stellate pubescent, swollen tipped; lamina 7-20 x 5-9 cm, oblong, base round, obtuse or cordate, apex acuminate or obtusely acute, margin entire, glabrous, coriaceous, lateral nerves 12-18 pairs, parallel, prominent, flowers white, fruit a capsule, 11-15 x 5-6 cm, pale brown, seed one. |
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