| Type | Indigenous |
|---|---|
| Family | Combretaceae |
| Synonym | Myrobalanus bellirica Gaertn. |
| Local Name | Thanni |
| Habit | Large sized tree |
| Tree Seed | Fruit type: Drupe. Seed weight: 97 to 176 fruits/kg (Sen Gupta, 1937; Chacko et al., 2002). Vernacular name: Thani (Malayalam), Behera, Buhura, Bulla (Hindi), Thani, Kattuelupay, Thandi (Tamil) (Chacko et al.,2002). Flowering season: February to April (Bourdillon, 1908). Fruiting season: Ripens in February to April (Sen Gupta, 1937; Chacko et al., 2002). Ripens in November-February (Bose et al., 1908). Germination type: Hypogeous. Seed of Terminalia bellirica give maximum germination at 25oC (constant) and 30/25oC (alternate temperatures). Germination percent of seeds is influenced by light/dark periods, with maximum germination at 12/12 h light/dark (Shashi-Chauhan et a Germination percentage: 86 to 100, 69 (Sen Gupta, 1937); 87 (Rai, 1999; Chacko et al., 2002). The higher dose of 0.3% GA give comparatively less germination percentage and energy. Freshly collected seeds perform better than the 3-month-old seeds (Shivanna et al., 2007).
Seeds ha Method of propagation: By seeds. |
| Botanical Features | Deciduous trees, bole often buttressed; bark surface blackish-grey, smooth, vertically shallowly fissured, exfoliations small, semi-fibrous; blaze yellow; branches sympodial; branchlets terete, thinly fulvous-hairy, leaf scars prominent. Leaves simple, opposite or alternate, clustered at the tip of branchlets, estipulate; petiole 15-80 mm, stout, slightly grooved above, glabrous; lamina 9-35 x 5-16 cm, obovate, elliptic or obovate-elliptic; base obliquely cuneate, attenuate or acute; apex obtusely acuminate, margin entire, both surface pubescent when young, glabrous at maturity, coriaceous, eglandular; lateral nerves 7-10 pairs, pinnate, flowers bisexual, greenish-yellow, in axillary spikes; fruit a drupe, obovoid, yellowish-brown, honed, not winged, softly tomentose; seed one, ellipsoid. |
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